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AbsorptionGBioavailability of nasal spray is approximately 40% and C max is 2 to 3 h. Absorption following ocular administration is relatively low, reaching a level of 0.02 to 0.25 ng/mL after 56 days of treatment.

DistributionGVd is 14.5 L/kg. Approximately 88% (azelastine) and 97% (desmethylazelastine) are protein bound.

MetabolismGOxidatively metabolized to desmethylazelastine (active) by CYP-450 system.

EliminationGThe t ½ is 22 h for azelastine and 54 h for desmethylazelastine. Plasma Cl is 0.5 L/h/kg. Approximately 75% was excreted in the feces, with less than 10% as unchanged azelastine.

Special PopulationsRenal Function ImpairmentBased on oral doses, AUC and C max increased 70% to 75% in those with Ccr less than 50 mL/min.